Vega gull
| Vega gull | |
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| Vega gull in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, northeastern Siberia | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Charadriiformes |
| Family: | Laridae |
| Genus: | Larus |
| Species: | L. vegae
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| Binomial name | |
| Larus vegae Palmén, 1887
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Larus argentatus vegae | |
The Vega gull, East Siberian gull, or East Siberian herring gull (Larus vegae) is a large gull of the herring gull/lesser black-backed gull complex which breeds in Northeast Asia. Its classification is still controversial and uncertain. It is variously treated as a separate species, as a subspecies of the American herring gull (L. smithsonianus) or included with both the American herring gull and European herring gull in L. argentatus. The Mongolian gull Larus mongolicus was formerly regarded as a subspecies of Vega gull.[2] It was described in 1887 from specimens collected on the 1878–1880 Vega Expedition on the Swedish ship SS Vega.[3]
Description
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The Vega gull is similar to the herring gull but is slightly darker grey above. The head of the Vega gull is heavily streaked with brown in winter, especially on the back and sides of the neck forming a collar. The legs are usually bright pink. First- and second-winter Vega gulls are darker than the similar Mongolian gull, notably on the crown of the head where Mongolian gulls even in first- and second-winter are a bit paler. Almost the full body of first- and second-winter Vega gulls displays darker brown flecks and streaks. Adult Vega gulls in winter can often be mistaken for the very similar-looking slaty-backed gull (L. schistisagus) and the western gull (L. occidentalis), but the Vega gull's grey is lighter than the two similar species. Eye colour is variable but tends to be dark with a red orbital ring. The bill is yellow with a red spot except for first- and second-winter gulls where the bill can be almost entirely dark grey to black, with the grey portion shrinking until it reaches maturity.
Vega gulls in the northwestern part of their breeding range are paler above. They are sometimes considered to be a separate subspecies named Birula's gull (Larus vegae birulai).[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Vega gulls breed in northeastern Siberia, and migrate south to winter in Japan, Korea, eastern China, and Taiwan. They are regularly seen on St. Lawrence Island and Nome, Alaska and may breed there. There are also records from other parts of western Alaska, and a few photo documented records from Washington and California. In their winter range they are typically found in harbours, on rocky shores and at river mouths.
References
[edit]- ^ "Vega Gull". Avibase.
- ^ "Noddies, skimmers, gulls, terns, skuas, auks – IOC World Bird List". IOC World Bird List – Version 14.2. 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
- ^ Nordenskiöld, A. E. (1887). Vega-expeditionens vetenskapliga iakttagelser bearbetade af deltagare i resan och andra forskare. Stockholm: F. & G. Beijers förlag. p. 370. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.14741. Retrieved 2024-12-30.
- ^ Olsen, Klaus Malling; Larsen, Hans (2003). Gulls of Europe, Asia and North America. London: Helm. ISBN 978-0-7136-7087-5.
- Paul Doherty & Bill Oddie (2001) Gulls: A Video Guide to the Gulls of Europe, Asia & North America. Videocassette. Bird Images.
- John MacKinnon & Karen Phillipps (2000) A Field Guide to the Birds of China. Oxford University Press.
- Craig Robson (2002) A Field Guide to the Birds of South-east Asia. New Holland, London.
- George C. West (2002) A Birder's Guide to Alaska. American Birding Association.
- Mark Brazil (2009) Princeton Field Guides: Birds of East Asia (China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and Russia). Princeton University Press .
External links
[edit]- Mongolian Gull photos Archived 2006-07-23 at the Wayback Machine, Japanese Gull-Site
- The "Herring Gull" Assemblage in South Korea, Birding Korea
- Vega Gull photos Archived 2005-05-02 at the Wayback Machine, Japanese Gull-Site